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1= Email Notification of Ticket Changes =
2[[TracGuideToc]]
3
4Trac supports notification of ticket changes via email.
5
6Email notification is useful to keep users up-to-date on tickets/issues of interest, and also provides a convenient way to post all ticket changes to a dedicated mailing list. For example, this is how the [http://lists.edgewall.com/archive/trac-tickets/ Trac-tickets] mailing list is set up.
7
8Disabled by default, notification can be activated and configured in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini].
9
10== Receiving Notification Mails ==
11When reporting a new ticket or adding a comment, enter a valid email address or your username in the ''reporter'', ''assigned to/owner'' or ''cc'' field. Trac will automatically send you an email when changes are made to the ticket (depending on how notification is configured).
12
13This is useful to keep up-to-date on an issue or enhancement request that interests you.
14
15=== How to use your username to receive notification mails ===
16
17To receive notification mails, you can either enter a full email address or your username. To get notified with a simple username or login, you need to specify a valid email address in the ''Preferences'' page.
18
19Alternatively, a default domain name ('''`smtp_default_domain`''') can be set in the TracIni file (see [#ConfigurationOptions Configuration Options] below). In this case, the default domain will be appended to the username, which can be useful for an "Intranet" kind of installation.
20
21When using apache and mod_kerb for authentication against Kerberos / Active Directory, usernames take the form ('''`username@EXAMPLE.LOCAL`'''). To avoid this being interpreted as an email address, add the Kerberos domain to  ('''`ignore_domains`''').
22
23== Configuring SMTP Notification ==
24
25'''Important:''' For TracNotification to work correctly, the `[trac] base_url` option must be set in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini].
26
27=== Configuration Options ===
28These are the available options for the `[notification]` section in trac.ini.
29
30 * '''`smtp_enabled`''': Enable email notification.
31 * '''`smtp_from`''': Email address to use for ''Sender''-headers in notification emails.
32 * '''`smtp_from_name`''': Sender name to use for ''Sender''-headers in notification emails.
33 * '''`smtp_from_author`''': (''since 1.0'') Use the author of a change (the reporter of a new ticket, or the author of a comment) as the `From:` header value in notification e-mails (default: false). If the author hasn't set an e-mail address, `smtp_from` and `smtp_from_name` are used instead.
34 * '''`smtp_replyto`''': Email address to use for ''Reply-To''-headers in notification emails.
35 * '''`smtp_default_domain`''': (''since 0.10'') Append the specified domain to addresses that do not contain one. Fully qualified addresses are not modified. The default domain is appended to all username/login for which an email address cannot be found from the user settings.
36 * '''`smtp_always_cc`''': List of email addresses to always send notifications to. ''Typically used to post ticket changes to a dedicated mailing list.''
37 * '''`smtp_always_bcc`''': (''since 0.10'') List of email addresses to always send notifications to, but keeps addresses not visible from other recipients of the notification email
38 * '''`smtp_subject_prefix`''': (''since 0.10.1'') Text that is inserted before the subject of the email. Set to "!__default!__" by default.
39 * '''`always_notify_reporter`''':  Always send notifications to any address in the reporter field (default: false).
40 * '''`always_notify_owner`''': (''since 0.9'') Always send notifications to the address in the owner field (default: false).
41 * '''`always_notify_updater`''': (''since 0.10'') Always send a notification to the updater of a ticket (default: true).
42 * '''`use_public_cc`''': (''since 0.10'') Addresses in To: (owner, reporter) and Cc: lists are visible by all recipients (default is ''Bcc:'' - hidden copy).
43 * '''`use_short_addr`''': (''since 0.10'') Enable delivery of notifications to addresses that do not contain a domain (i.e. do not end with ''@<domain.com>'').This option is useful for intranets, where the SMTP server can handle local addresses and map the username/login to a local mailbox. See also `smtp_default_domain`. Do not use this option with a public SMTP server.
44 * '''`ignore_domains`''': Comma-separated list of domains that should not be considered part of email addresses (for usernames with Kerberos domains).
45 * '''`mime_encoding`''': (''since 0.10'') This option allows selecting the MIME encoding scheme. Supported values:
46   * `none`: default value, uses 7bit encoding if the text is plain ASCII, or 8bit otherwise.
47   * `base64`: works with any kind of content. May cause some issues with touchy anti-spam/anti-virus engines.
48   * `qp` or `quoted-printable`: best for european languages (more compact than base64) if 8bit encoding cannot be used.
49 * '''`ticket_subject_template`''': (''since 0.11'') A [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Documentation/text-templates.html Genshi text template] snippet used to get the notification subject.
50 * '''`email_sender`''': (''since 0.12'') Name of the component implementing `IEmailSender`. This component is used by the notification system to send emails. Trac currently provides the following components:
51   * `SmtpEmailSender`: connects to an SMTP server (default).
52   * `SendmailEmailSender`: runs a `sendmail`-compatible executable.
53
54Either '''`smtp_from`''' or '''`smtp_replyto`''' (or both) ''must'' be set, otherwise Trac refuses to send notification mails.
55
56The following options are specific to email delivery through SMTP.
57 * '''`smtp_server`''': SMTP server used for notification messages.
58 * '''`smtp_port`''': (''since 0.9'') Port used to contact the SMTP server.
59 * '''`smtp_user`''': (''since 0.9'') User name for authentication SMTP account.
60 * '''`smtp_password`''': (''since 0.9'') Password for authentication SMTP account.
61 * '''`use_tls`''': (''since 0.10'') Toggle to send notifications via a SMTP server using [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security TLS], such as GMail.
62
63The following option is specific to email delivery through a `sendmail`-compatible executable.
64 * '''`sendmail_path`''': (''since 0.12'') Path to the sendmail executable. The sendmail program must accept the `-i` and `-f` options.
65
66=== Example Configuration (SMTP) ===
67{{{
68[notification]
69smtp_enabled = true
70smtp_server = mail.example.com
71smtp_from = notifier@example.com
72smtp_replyto = myproj@projects.example.com
73smtp_always_cc = ticketmaster@example.com, theboss+myproj@example.com
74}}}
75
76=== Example Configuration (`sendmail`) ===
77{{{
78[notification]
79smtp_enabled = true
80email_sender = SendmailEmailSender
81sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
82smtp_from = notifier@example.com
83smtp_replyto = myproj@projects.example.com
84smtp_always_cc = ticketmaster@example.com, theboss+myproj@example.com
85}}}
86
87=== Customizing the e-mail subject ===
88The e-mail subject can be customized with the `ticket_subject_template` option, which contains a [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Documentation/text-templates.html Genshi text template] snippet. The default value is:
89{{{
90$prefix #$ticket.id: $summary
91}}}
92The following variables are available in the template:
93
94 * `env`: The project environment (see [trac:source:/trunk/trac/env.py env.py]).
95 * `prefix`: The prefix defined in `smtp_subject_prefix`.
96 * `summary`: The ticket summary, with the old value if the summary was edited.
97 * `ticket`: The ticket model object (see [trac:source:/trunk/trac/ticket/model.py model.py]). Individual ticket fields can be addressed by appending the field name separated by a dot, e.g. `$ticket.milestone`.
98
99=== Customizing the e-mail content ===
100
101The notification e-mail content is generated based on `ticket_notify_email.txt` in `trac/templates`.  You can add your own version of this template by adding a `ticket_notify_email.txt` to the templates directory of your environment. The default looks like this:
102
103{{{
104$ticket_body_hdr
105$ticket_props
106{% choose ticket.new %}\
107{%   when True %}\
108$ticket.description
109{%   end %}\
110{%   otherwise %}\
111{%     if changes_body %}\
112${_('Changes (by %(author)s):', author=change.author)}
113
114$changes_body
115{%     end %}\
116{%     if changes_descr %}\
117{%       if not changes_body and not change.comment and change.author %}\
118${_('Description changed by %(author)s:', author=change.author)}
119{%       end %}\
120$changes_descr
121--
122{%     end %}\
123{%     if change.comment %}\
124
125${changes_body and _('Comment:') or _('Comment (by %(author)s):', author=change.author)}
126
127$change.comment
128{%     end %}\
129{%   end %}\
130{% end %}\
131
132--
133${_('Ticket URL: <%(link)s>', link=ticket.link)}
134$project.name <${project.url or abs_href()}>
135$project.descr
136}}}
137== Sample Email ==
138{{{
139#42: testing
140---------------------------+------------------------------------------------
141       Id:  42             |      Status:  assigned               
142Component:  report system  |    Modified:  Fri Apr  9 00:04:31 2004
143 Severity:  major          |   Milestone:  0.9                     
144 Priority:  lowest         |     Version:  0.6                     
145    Owner:  anonymous      |    Reporter:  jonas@example.com               
146---------------------------+------------------------------------------------
147Changes:
148  * component:  changset view => search system
149  * priority:  low => highest
150  * owner:  jonas => anonymous
151  * cc:  daniel@example.com =>
152         daniel@example.com, jonas@example.com
153  * status:  new => assigned
154
155Comment:
156I'm interested too!
157
158--
159Ticket URL: <http://example.com/trac/ticket/42>
160My Project <http://myproj.example.com/>
161}}}
162
163
164== Customizing e-mail content for MS Outlook ==
165
166Out-of-the-box, MS Outlook normally presents plain text e-mails with a variable-width font; the ticket properties table will most certainly look like a mess in MS Outlook. This can be fixed with some customization of the [#Customizingthee-mailcontent e-mail template].
167
168Replace the following second row in the template:
169{{{
170$ticket_props
171}}}
172
173with this instead (''requires Python 2.6 or later''):
174{{{
175--------------------------------------------------------------------------
176{% with
177   pv = [(a[0].strip(), a[1].strip()) for a in [b.split(':') for b in
178         [c.strip() for c in
179          ticket_props.replace('|', '\n').splitlines()[1:-1]] if ':' in b]];
180   sel = ['Reporter', 'Owner', 'Type', 'Status', 'Priority', 'Milestone',
181          'Component', 'Severity', 'Resolution', 'Keywords'] %}\
182${'\n'.join('%s\t%s' % (format(p[0]+':', ' <12'), p[1]) for p in pv if p[0] in sel)}
183{% end %}\
184--------------------------------------------------------------------------
185}}}
186
187The table of ticket properties is replaced with a list of a selection of the properties. A tab character separates the name and value in such a way that most people should find this more pleasing than the default table, when using MS Outlook.
188{{{#!div style="margin: 1em 1.75em; border:1px dotted"
189{{{#!html
190#42: testing<br />
191--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
192<table cellpadding=0>
193<tr><td>Reporter:</td><td>jonas@example.com</td></tr>
194<tr><td>Owner:</td><td>anonymous</td></tr>
195<tr><td>Type:</td><td>defect</td></tr>
196<tr><td>Status:</td><td>assigned</td></tr>
197<tr><td>Priority:</td><td>lowest</td></tr>
198<tr><td>Milestone:</td><td>0.9</td></tr>
199<tr><td>Component:</td><td>report system</td></tr>
200<tr><td>Severity:</td><td>major</td></tr>
201<tr><td>Resolution:</td><td> </td></tr>
202<tr><td>Keywords:</td><td> </td></tr>
203</table>
204--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
205Changes:<br />
206<br />
207&nbsp;&nbsp;* component: &nbsp;changset view =&gt; search system<br />
208&nbsp;&nbsp;* priority: &nbsp;low =&gt; highest<br />
209&nbsp;&nbsp;* owner: &nbsp;jonas =&gt; anonymous<br />
210&nbsp;&nbsp;* cc: &nbsp;daniel@example.com =&gt;<br />
211&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;daniel@example.com, jonas@example.com<br />
212&nbsp;&nbsp;* status: &nbsp;new =&gt; assigned<br />
213<br />
214Comment:<br />
215I'm interested too!<br />
216<br />
217--<br />
218Ticket URL: &lt;http://example.com/trac/ticket/42&gt;<br />
219My Project &lt;http://myproj.example.com/&gt;<br />
220}}}
221}}}
222
223**Important**: Only those ticket fields that are listed in `sel` are part of the HTML mail. If you have defined custom ticket fields which shall be part of the mail they have to be added to `sel`, example:
224{{{
225   sel = ['Reporter', ..., 'Keywords', 'Custom1', 'Custom2']
226}}}
227
228However, it's not as perfect as an automatically HTML-formatted e-mail would be, but presented ticket properties are at least readable by default in MS Outlook...
229
230
231== Using GMail as the SMTP relay host ==
232
233Use the following configuration snippet
234{{{
235[notification]
236smtp_enabled = true
237use_tls = true
238mime_encoding = base64
239smtp_server = smtp.gmail.com
240smtp_port = 587
241smtp_user = user
242smtp_password = password
243}}}
244
245where ''user'' and ''password'' match an existing GMail account, ''i.e.'' the ones you use to log in on [http://gmail.com]
246
247Alternatively, you can use `smtp_port = 25`.[[br]]
248You should not use `smtp_port = 465`. It will not work and your ticket submission may deadlock. Port 465 is reserved for the SMTPS protocol, which is not supported by Trac. See [comment:ticket:7107:2 #7107] for details.
249 
250== Filtering notifications for one's own changes ==
251In Gmail, use the filter:
252
253{{{
254from:(<smtp_from>) (("Reporter: <username>" -Changes) OR "Changes (by <username>)")
255}}}
256
257For Trac .10, use the filter:
258{{{
259from:(<smtp_from>) (("Reporter: <username>" -Changes -Comment) OR "Changes (by <username>)" OR "Comment (by <username>)")
260}}}
261
262to delete these notifications.
263
264In Thunderbird, there is no such solution if you use IMAP
265(see http://kb.mozillazine.org/Filters_(Thunderbird)#Filtering_the_message_body).
266
267The best you can do is to set "always_notify_updater" in conf/trac.ini to false.
268You will however still get an email if you comment a ticket that you own or have reported.
269
270You can also add this plugin:
271http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/NeverNotifyUpdaterPlugin
272
273== Troubleshooting ==
274
275If you cannot get the notification working, first make sure the log is activated and have a look at the log to find if an error message has been logged. See TracLogging for help about the log feature.
276
277Notification errors are not reported through the web interface, so the user who submit a change or a new ticket never gets notified about a notification failure. The Trac administrator needs to look at the log to find the error trace.
278
279=== ''Permission denied'' error ===
280
281Typical error message:
282{{{
283  ...
284  File ".../smtplib.py", line 303, in connect
285    raise socket.error, msg
286  error: (13, 'Permission denied')
287}}}
288
289This error usually comes from a security settings on the server: many Linux distributions do not let the web server (Apache, ...) to post email message to the local SMTP server.
290
291Many users get confused when their manual attempts to contact the SMTP server succeed:
292{{{
293telnet localhost 25
294}}}
295The trouble is that a regular user may connect to the SMTP server, but the web server cannot:
296{{{
297sudo -u www-data telnet localhost 25
298}}}
299
300In such a case, you need to configure your server so that the web server is authorized to post to the SMTP server. The actual settings depend on your Linux distribution and current security policy. You may find help browsing the Trac [trac:MailingList MailingList] archive.
301
302Relevant ML threads:
303 * SELinux: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.subversion.trac.general/7518
304
305For SELinux in Fedora 10:
306{{{
307$ setsebool -P httpd_can_sendmail 1
308}}}
309=== ''Suspected spam'' error ===
310
311Some SMTP servers may reject the notification email sent by Trac.
312
313The default Trac configuration uses Base64 encoding to send emails to the recipients. The whole body of the email is encoded, which sometimes trigger ''false positive'' SPAM detection on sensitive email servers. In such an event, it is recommended to change the default encoding to "quoted-printable" using the `mime_encoding` option.
314
315Quoted printable encoding works better with languages that use one of the Latin charsets. For Asian charsets, it is recommended to stick with the Base64 encoding.
316
317=== ''501, 5.5.4 Invalid Address'' error ===
318
319On IIS 6.0 you could get a
320{{{
321Failure sending notification on change to ticket #1: SMTPHeloError: (501, '5.5.4 Invalid Address')
322}}}
323in the trac log. Have a look [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/291828 here] for instructions on resolving it.
324
325
326----
327See also: TracTickets, TracIni, TracGuide
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.